Essay on Immigrant Minors and Child Protective Services part 2

Essay on Immigrant Minors and Child Protective Services part 2 Essay on Immigrant Minors and Child Protective Services part 2 Essay on Immigrant Minors and Child Protective Services part 2Essay on Immigrant Minors and Child Protective Services part  1The effects of child protective services on immigrant minors  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The effects of child protective services on immigrant minors are positive. Child protective services agents demonstrate the increased concerns for the immigrant minors’ safety through effective interaction with a â€Å"school-home disciplinary mismatch that may increase the likelihood of contact with child protection† (Acton, 2013, p. 312). According to researchers, â€Å"immigrant parents’ perceptions of child protective services may have important implications for their engagement in public institutions that are central to their children’s well-being†(Acton, 2013, p. 312). Thus, many immigrant parents are concerned about a wide range of issues, which require referring to the police and child protective services. Some of these issues include the lack of effective collective child monitoring networks, as well as the â€Å"threats to their children posed by American values and neighborhood violence† (Acton, 2013, p. 312). Immigrant children arrive to the United States having positive social attitudes toward new environment, schooling and community members, but the negative effects of â€Å"social mirroring† make the life of immigrant children difficult (Lansford et al., 2009). The CPS members are ready to respond to any types of problems immigrant families may face in today’s environment, including the reports concerning the immigrant parents’ maltreating their children.   According to Jennifer E. Lansford and colleagues (2009), â€Å"traditional parenting practices that conflict with the U.S. concepts of maltreatment are likely to affect the parent-child relationship differently than would such practices engaged outside of their natural cultural context† (p. 297) .  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Besides, recent studies suggest that child protective services provide immigrant parents with the useful information and comprehensive educational programs that are directed toward obtaining new socio-cultural awareness (Lansford et al., 2009). The prevention of the problems caused by child abuse and neglect is based on the use of the proper strategies aimed at adaptation of immigrant minors to socio-cultural change. In this case, child protective services provide careful assessment of diversity-related issues in ethnic background of children (Song, 2004). This diversity can be viewed as the major â€Å"source of both strength and a challenge to the development of a more coherent child protective service system that meets all children and all parents† (Song, 2004, p. 247).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, for many immigrant women, child protective services involvement creates the sense of fear. Immigrant women face a variety of barriers, which lead to child abuse or neglect. Child protective services agency helps immigrant women to keep the family together and do not disrupt the lives of their children (Acton, 2013; Lansford et al., 2009). Professionals are aimed at giving a clear explanation of the laws, which forbid child abuse and neglect. Immigrant parents should realize that if they do not stop abusing their children, child protective services agents might take away their children. In this case, immigrant parents who abuse their children might end up in prison. This approach to stop child abuse and neglect is commonly used by the professionals of child protective services (McDaniel Lescher, 2004). Nevertheless, this approach is helpful only in case immigrant parents were unaware of the established laws and regulations on child abuse. These parents do not know the implications of their behavior. Child protective services professionals are ready to explain immigrant parents that it i s wrong to use corporal punishment (Lansford et al., 2009; McDaniel Lescher, 2004).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As immigrant women may express fear of child protective services involvement, the professionals are focused on flexible approaches in their work. They use the proper policies and initiatives to explain immigrant women that child protective service are designed to provide assistance to immigrant women and children who face domestic violence. Immigrant women who try to avoid child protective services are under control (Song, 2004).   Many shelters for abused immigrant women and their children are under control as well, especially if a women makes a decision to return to her abusive partner (McDaniel Lescher, 2004 ). (Child protective services agents should take care of immigrant children who may be abused again (McDaniel Lescher, 2004; Song, 2004). In many cases, it is a complicated issue because immigrant women who make a decision to leave their abusive partners may be taken to a shelter with their children. As a result, many immigrant women prefer to remain in marriage, avoiding the use of shelters and the services of specialized agencies that respond to domestic violence issues (McDaniel Lescher, 2004; Song, 2004).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In general, the professionals of child protective services have a positive impact on immigrant minors. They pay due attention to the development of children from immigrant families, analyzing the results of their parents’ violence and stress level (Klein-Rothschild Brittain, 2004; Lansford, 2009). The professionals are based on several factors in their assessment process, including the duration of the stress, the ways immigrant parents solve the existing problems, the strengths of personality and temperament of a child, and the availability of the sources of support for immigrant children (Klein-Rothschild Brittain, 2004; Song, 2004).   Due to the well-organized system of child protective services, many immigrant minors have psychological support, financial assistance and other forms of protection.Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that child protective services are aimed at providing support to immigrant families and children to stop child abuse and neglect. The prevention of child abuse and neglect problems with immigrant minors and their families is focused on adaptation to socio-cultural change through effective assessment of diversity issues that can be explained by ethnic background. Many immigrant parents who abuse their children fear any negative involvement with child protective services, which could lead to losing their children. Immigrant family life is complicated because of poor knowledge of the existing laws and regulations on preventing child abuse and neglect.

Alton Towers Audit

Section A: Environmental Pressures Political (60%) The government has the authority to make decisions that can impact the operators greatly, for example they can decline planning permission and carry out health and safety checks resulting in closures such as Alton’s Black Hole. (25%) public campaigning can affect decisions made by theme parks in an attempt to resolve negative publicity. An example is when Soils Association campaigned against the provision of unhealthy foods in tourist attractions. Since then the park has made several changes and requested advice from nutritional expect Annabelle Karmel. 1 Regulatory (85%) â€Å"Various legislatives have been added to the woe,†2 limiting parks to what they can do such as only being able to employ those who have had CRB checks since public safety is a priority. Economical (60%) Less people have domestic expenditure which resulted in outbound tourism decreasing by 15% and domestic travel increasing by 17%. In 2009 the theme park industry as a whole gained revenue of ? 315m. (25%) The decreasing value of the pound makes it cheaper and more appealing for tourists and Britons to holiday in the UK. The pound has decline by a ? against the Euro in the last 5 years. 3 Social (50%) â€Å"What was once extreme is now tame and what was once unique is now old. †4 In today’s climate visitors are more demanding and not easily satisfied resulting in most operators introduce an attraction every 12 months. (40%) consumer lifestyles cause implications, household numbers are decreasing and more people choosing to have fewer children resulting in theme parks attracting other market segments 5 Technological (60%) Technology is the catalyst that allows futuristic attractions to be created as well as software such as CAD contributing to development, saving time and saving money. 6 Alton towers has a portfolio which consists of many â€Å"firsts. † Thirteen is the latest addition to these firsts, as the â€Å"first free fall drop rollercoaster† by which Alton towers claims that â€Å"so much technology has never been combined into one ride†. 7 Competitors (40%) In order to retain or increase market share theme parks have to be actively competitive. â€Å"You can guarantee in a few months another rollercoaster will be built slightly quicker or a couple of meters higher†8 (10%) â€Å"There are 7000 museums, gardens, zoos, etc that work hard to gain a market share of voice, consumer time and wallet. †9 The other two competitive factors (USP positioning and strategic alliances) are more important as they concern direct competitors. Organisational (80%) Designers, engineers and other intellectual property are the brains behind the â€Å"beasts†. The man behind some of Britain’s iconic roller coasters is Mr. John Wardley. His designs consist of Alton Towers’ Nemesis, Oblivion, Air and Thirteen as well as Thorpe Parks’ Colossus, Saw and Stealth. 10 Alton Towers employs 2000 people and supports another 3,700 jobs which prove how labour intensive the industry is. 11 Market (70%) According to one operator if there is rain before 9 am, ? of those who intended to visit a theme park do not go. Alton is trying to resolve the issue by considering â€Å"controlling† the weather using cloud seeing technology. 12 (30%) Marketing increases awareness. In 2002, despite others being affected by weather, Drayton Manor saw their visitor numbers increase by 2-5% thanks to its biggest ad campaign. 13 Industry Competitive Structure Alton’s direct competitors are made up of 20 operators all competing with a similar target audience. Alton towers direct, indirect, potential and current competitors are summarised in appendix 1. The main competitors are Thorpe Park, Chessington, Drayton Manor, Lego-Land, Blackpool, Flamingo and Gulliver’s. Alton towers are in lead with 20. 3% which accounts for a fifth of market share (appendix 4). 14 Using appendix 4, I would classify Alton Towers as the Market leader. More than half of the UK’s adults have visited Alton towers previously. 15 The market challengers would be its 2 competitors that play the biggest threats, Thorpe and Lego-Land. Chessington however would be placed with Drayton as followers, since the majority of rides are adjustments of standardised platform designs. This is backed up by the market shares both acquire. Neichers consist of Flamingo’s and Gulliver’s who appeal to only children whilst others try to satisfy all ages. A potential direct competitor is Disney land Paris, due to the fact that apart from Alton towers, it attracts more UK visitors than any other UK parks. 16 Its proximity is close and its transport connections are excellent, however its geographical location stops it from being a current competitor since the majority of individuals would rather have the convenience of staying in the UK for day trips. Current Indirect competitors are made of 7000 other attractions, which fight for a voice of market share, consumer time and their wallets. Theme parks are the 3rd most popular type of attraction after music concerts and festivals. 17 Potential indirect competitors can include the current concepts being aired for new parks themed around harry potter, CBBC and Horrible Histories. 18 The reason for them being indirect rather than direct is due to the fact we are unsure what will be involved within the park. As you can see, in appendix 3, Alton towers, Drayton Thorpe have a broader target market by providing attractions for all age groups, whilst Flamingo, Lego, Gulliver’s Chessington appeal to the younger market. Drayton Flamingo are the cheapest with ticket prices at ? 20-? 25 whilst others are priced at ? 35-? 40. Gullivers, Lego Flamingo differentiate themselves by having a consistant theme running through the park, with others having a number of themes within their grounds or no theme at all. An adoption life cycle has been created (Appendix 5) to show that Alton and Thorpe are the innovators constantly creating thrilling and exciting rides. Whilst at the opposite end are laggards Gulliver’s Lego-Land who simply adjust basic standard ride platforms to fit in with their theme. Industry Forces In appendix 6 there is a detailed porters 5 forces for Alton Towers. The numerical weighting is divided between the 5 elements; suppliers, buyers, threats, rivalry and substitutes. This model allows us to look at bargaining powers of each force. Starting with suppliers which have received the highest percentage of 40%, there are numerous companies that contribute to theme parks from additional services such as food and merchandise to essentials such as electricity and rides. Without suppliers industry competitors would not have any product/service to offer to buyers giving suppliers a dominant bargaining power. Dependant on the product, some suppliers such as LTC (ride consultants) are dominant within their market making switching costs high. The next highest percentage was distributed to industry rivals (20%) that play a massive threat to Alton Towers since they have the ability to take potential customers. The theme park industry is intense with its 20 operators fighting for market share. Buyers had equal percentage due to the fact they have the choice of which theme park to attend and low switching costs. The lack of demand or customer base which would lead to a theme parks closure. Substitutes and new entrants both have a low percentage of 10% due to the fact if customers are won over by other indirect attractions, most likely those customers wanted to gain another benefit other than high thrill seeking adrenaline rushes. There are also high entry and exit barriers such as the lack of investment and recourses, making it difficult to actually enter compete within this market. All of the forces have been declared to be a low threat for reasons mentioned above and the fact that it is unlikely that any force would be able to set up a strong competitor due to the various product offerings, services and labour needs to do so. Product /Service Evolution Theme parks products are focused around innovation, which is extremely rare. Parks attempt to create the tallest, fastest and longest rides which in reality are variation of basic platforms. Intellectual property plays a great role in the creation of innovative products. Examples of innovative products, all designed by John Wardly, are Alton Towers Flying coaster â€Å"Air†, its first free fall drop â€Å"Thirteen† or Thorpe park’s â€Å"Stealth† hydrochloride launcher . The latter two being described as â€Å"Engineering Genius†19 The park also provides other products to accommodate visitors such as its hotels to encourage overnight stays, healthier food options, various ticket passes (e. g. fast track/annual pass) and merchandise. Technology has assisted in increasing revenue through ride photos and â€Å"Your day† DVD’s f your day. The DVDs are produced using a RFID bracelet that potential customers carry around. 25-30% of potential customers have actually purchased a DVD. 20 Other products that theme parks have invested in to boost their existent product range efficiency is the CAD software used to predict if rides are going to work successfully before its even built. Parks such as Thorpe and Lego-Land also attempt to increase customer satisfaction and value for money by introducing Q-Bot systems. This technology allocated ride times to visitors so they can do other things in the meantime. Flamingo started using a variation product called Li-Lo Q texts which works in a similar way. 21 Appendix 7 shows the hierarchy for the leisure market, as you can see product forms split into a range of product items. A few have been selected to give an idea of the current product portfolio. An example of basic platform product, is Alton’s Spin-ball Whizzer and Chessington’ Dragon fury being the same product but altered. Alton Thorpe have many innovative products that attract numerous thrill-seeking visitors such as Colossus, Oblivion, Thirteen, etc. Companies also have co-branded or sponsored product such as Alton’s Sonic Spin-ball-whizzer or Drayton’s Thomas the tank engine land. Lego-Land Chessington offer products suited mainly for children making it difficult to be innovative due to extra restrictions and it means they are not appealing to any other segments. Appendix 8 shows the position of a few Alton Towers rides on the product life cycle. Thirteen being the latest addition is placed in introduction. Nemesis, Oblivion, Air Rita being the most popular are still in maturity due to the fact that their popularity does not allow them to decline. An example of a ride just past maturity would be submission where basic  platform products are no longer that popular. Deul II and Sonic Spin-ball are modified variations created to extend its product life cycle and boost its appeal. Market Segmentation Appendix 9 summarises segmentation variables. The main conclusions drawn up from all these elements are that the main target audience are aged 16-35 most likely being full time student or partly employed. It has a classless socio-economic market however those from D/E would most likely find a day out expensive. The majority of visitors live in the midlands region, where Alton has a high penetration of 71%22. Motivations where the average customer profile consists of those who are thrill seeking risk takers or family orientated individuals. Today’s consumer are more demanding, less patient, have high expectations and seen as being loyal since 88% of those who visited theme parks in 2009 are returning customers23. The average person visiting Alton spend more than 7 hours on the computer and shop at Waitrose indicating that they are young and well to do. 24 House hold numbers are decreasing and so is the rate of birth which means which can lead to labour shortages and less potential customers. Parks have also got to consider introducing smaller family packages. Appendix 10 shows a population shift where the population of the UK is currently 61,792,000. It shows there is a bulge located with the baby boomers, Males and females are fairly and the working population is represents 62% of the mid 2009 market. This information could assist and impact decisions made by the company, for example the increase of baby boomers means that the park may have to offer more services for suited for them. Appendix 1: Detailed PRESTCOM, Numerical Weighting Justification Political . The government realise by intervening in theme parks they could be restricting competition and suppressing innovation. The government involve themselves in matters concerning the safety and well fair of the general public. The government has the authority to decline planning permission, heavily fine theme parks and close them down if they feel it is necessary to do so. 60 *The government themselves are the most important factor due to their high authority and ability to make necessary decisions to restrict or enhance the industry and its competitors. *Reputation is more important than the political climate as it can create more damage to the brand in the long run. *The political climate can affect sales but only for the short term. The public themselves can cause havoc and protest against theme parks which can have an effect on the reputation and decisions made by the theme parks themselves in order to satisfy needs and keep a positive reputation. 25 The political climate itself can have an impact on a theme park sales, activities and management. 15 Regulatory Aspects of theme parks are under tighter control resulting in more red tape concerning employment, machine games, fire safety and CRB. 85 *Numerous regulations have been created for trading bodies to abide by. Recently theme parks are under tighter restrictions which obviously would have a massive impact in how they are run and in some cases what they provide. *There are only a number of people aware of the RFID tags privacy issue and it doesn’t impact theme parks to a huge extent. Connected to technology, there are concerns over privacy rights due to the introduction of RFID tags. 15 Economical Dependant on whether a country is in a boom or a recession it can affect the amount of disposable income an individual has and the unemployment rate of the country as a whole. The current recession has had a major impact on the visitor numbers and sales revenue. The current economic climate has had a positive effect on theme parks. 60 *The economical state of a country is vital to the growth and revenue of all industries. It is the most important economical factor as it means there is lower income rates and less spending power. *Having a weak exchange rate causes outbound tourism to decline and inbound tourism to flourish, both positive contributions to the increase of visitors to UK theme parks. *Inflation can influence sales rates. Exchange rate – the weak sterling rate increases inbound tourism due to the UK being a cheaper holiday destination. 25 Inflation is high causing admissions to rise by 16 % in the next 4 years. Expected to have 4. 7 million admissions 15 Social As time goes on there are shifts in demographics as well as people’s expectations and taste change continuously. Theme parks try to conquer this social factor by providing a variety of attractions to satisfy all needs. 50 *Socially, demographics, expectations and taste play the largest role in motivating people do to particular actions. *Life style also effects the actions of an individual and is nearly almost as important influencing people’s behaviour. *The fact that some individuals are afraid of rides/heights has little impact to those that do and doesn’t significantly decrease the number of visitors. Numerous people are afraid of rides and heights which influence sales, this isn’t helped by the fact that there are incidents where technical faults have caused injuries/deaths. These incidents could also damage a brands reputation. 10 The lifestyle of individuals has changed over the years due to a number of reasons but plays a big part in motivations for certain behaviour and attitude 40 Technological Technology has allowed the internal functioning of the organisation to be more efficient and less time consuming. 20 *Technology is the most important change impacting theme parks. It is the catalyst behind innovation, production and operation. *It has also assisted theme a parks to be run efficiently, make communication more effective and increase revenue through merchandising but obviously, they have had a smaller impact. Technology has also allowed theme parks to be more innovative when creating rides/attractions, improve existing rides and enhance the safety of rides. 60 Technology can assist theme parks to increase revenue through merchandise and convenience. 10 It has also made communication more efficient. 10 Competitive Direct competitors have a major impact on theme parks activities and visitor no’s. Alton Towers main direct competitors consist of Thorpe Park, The Adventure World of Chessington, Legoland, Drayton and Blackpool 40 *Direct competitors cause theme parks to respond in a competitive manner in an attempt to be the best. The USP positioning extra competitive facilities have an equal impact due to both having the ability to attract visitors and influence their decisions. Theme parks team up with other organisations can also increase awareness/attention The USP positioning has a major influence of how its run and if there successful in positioning accurately then how visitors perceive the brand/theme park. 20 Indirect competitors consist of other leisure activities. The UK leisure sector is a very competitive industry attracting various sorts of people. 10 Theme parks team up with other brands, organisations and companies to give themselves a competitive advantage. 10 Some theme parks have extra facilities to give them a better competitive advantage 20 Organisation Man power – the intellectual property that the theme park has can vastly influence the designs and construction of attractions. Theme parks are also very labour intensive industries. 80 *Intellectual property is a key factor to the success of theme parks; The brains behind the big ideas and the production of them. *The costs influence the organisation, their budget, margins and decisions. Higher overheads such as the increase of electricity cost and higher staffing costs have has an impact on theme parks margins. 20 Market Sales are vastly influenced an uncontrollable factor; the weather 70 The weather is the biggest influence of visitor attendance. Marketing comes second to it due to its ability to increase awareness. Marketing can influence the success of the theme park, especially with those outside local regions. 30 Appendix 2 – Direct Indirect Competitors LOWER COST DIFFERENTATION BROAD TARGET Drayton Alton Towers Thorpe Park NARROW TARGET Flamingo Lego Chessington Gulliver’s Blackpool DIRECT INDIRECT CURRENT Thorpe Park Chessington Gulliver’s Drayton Flamingo Blackpool London Eye Cadburys Sea Life Centre Tower of London Holidays POTENTIAL Disney Paris CBBC park Horrible Histories park Appendix 4 – Market Share (Created using source: Mintel, Theme Parks, Feb 2010) Appendix 5 – Adoption Life Cycle Appendix 6 – Porters 5 Forces Numerical Weighting Appendix 7 – Hierarchical Decomposition of the Leisure Attraction Industry Appendix 8 –Product Life Cycle Appendix 9 – Segmentation table (Created using Mintel Data/Sources) Demographics Geographics Physcographics Behaviouralistic Age – Visitors peak among 16 and 35 year olds. 16-24 year olds account for 21. 4% and 25-34 year olds account for 23. 3%. The data shows that as the age group gets older there is a decrease in the number of visitors. Region- Alton Towers attracted 19. 1% of those from the Midlands region. Followed up by the North West visitors of 17. 5% and then London at 13. 2%. Motivations – can be numerous. It could be for a social day out with friends, for the thrills of sky high rides, for family fun, for a change of scenery or value for money through incentives. Regular visitors – 1 in 4 people went to a theme park in 2009. 88 % were returning to that theme park whilst 12 % were first timers. Consumers are l were satisfied previously and also new targets have been attracted. Gender – 47% of those who went to Alton Towers were female with 53% being males. This shows that it has products to appeal to both genders. Population numbers have increased to 61. 8m. it has been predicted that in the next 4 years we shall see a increase of 10 year olds and over 50’s. Personality – Alton Towers is geared up for those who are energetic, lively, hrill seeking socialisers. They also appeal to family orientated individuals. According to the data 50% of theme Alton Towers visitors spend 7 + hours using the internet per day which indicates that our users are young. Occupation – 19% of those attending Alton Towers were full-time students with and 17. 7 being part time employed. This shows that it attracts many students and those between ages of 16 and 30 years. Climate – has a massive effect upon the attendance. According to one operator 1 out of 4 of those intended to come, get put off of coming if they see it rain before 9 am. 12 % of individuals claim that theme parks simply have no interest to them; theme parks have to try and find ways around this. There has been a high correlation between those that shop at Waitrose and those that attend the Alton theme park. this could indicate that visitors are quite well off as Waitrose prices are high compared to their competitors. Socio-Economic Class – It is classless, Alton towers attracts a number of various people from all sorts of backgrounds. However it has been found that majority D/E segments find it expensive. Today’s consumers are more demanding, less patient and get easily bored. The product life cycle is a lot shorter than it once was due to competitor increase and innovation change. This can be backed up by the fact that rides are now introduced every 12 months rather than every 2/3 years. Lifestyle : household numbers are decreasing. Less people chose to marry and settle down with children affecting the target audience of theme parks in the long run. We currently live in a digital world where people have a hectic life revolved around money and have no time to waste. Ethnicity Religion – attracts all types of people and even has allocated days for example â€Å"Muslim Day† Appendix 10 – Population Shifts

Business Aspects of the School Community Human Resources and School Essay - 2

Business Aspects of the School Community Human Resources and School Finance - Dis 10 - Essay Example Their view is based on the rationale of awarding bonuses on the basis of the achievement of their students (Brimley, Garfield & Verstegen, 2008). The idea of performance based payment package is an attribute with its own advantages and disadvantages. There is the benefit derived from the hard work that is attained on teachers in an effort to have an excellent output on students. The assumption is that as the students are involved in excellent gain academically, then teachers will benefit a lot through an increased pay. Merit pay is a performance based approach that forms the foundation of an excellent education system. The idea is a propagated agenda that calls for rewarding of teachers who helps in the attainment of a student improvement platform in their academic work. The policy of merit reward is in line with the system of work that is experience in the private sector. The possibility of testing the knowledge acquired by students is a critical benchmark in revealing the effectiveness of teachers. There are benefits associated with a standardized tests program that are extremely helpful to students (Brimley, Garfield & Verstegen, 2008). There exists the advantage of a better jobs being offered to the scholars. This is an attribute that emanates from strong academic pedigree that belongs to high quality scholars from the merit pay based system. These scholars are, therefore, critical enough in offering a powerful decision point in expert thinking and support system. The potential of Tennessee scholars extends to being awarded scholarship programs. This is on the basis of strong candidate potential that is a guarantee of top performers. Merit pay is an initiative that goes an extra mile in helping to recruit the best minds. Teachers who are intelligent and portray an effective approach to their profession are contained in the school administration through an increased pay. The merit pay approach

Planning For Clarity (Language Learning) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Planning For Clarity (Language Learning) - Essay Example The second step has the students interacting with each other while the tutor monitors this session like a referee. The first step when the tutor engages in teaching and interacting the students find an opportunity to loosen their guards from inhibitive apprehensions and become responsive. This is the time when the tutor holds the fort teaching and instructing, questioning and gingerly allowing students to respond to queries. The tutor/students interactions may begin with the tutor allowing students 10% of the time to answer questions. The tutor may then increase the number of questions and gradually extend the question/answers hour to 90%, transferring the session to the second step when the students begin interacting with each other using study material and discussions. It is crucially important to organize the interaction sessions with content rich and well designed study material so that the students get exposure to language learning resources. These study material must be condensed and balanced so that the contents appear neither inadequate nor cluttered. The class must be divided into 3 or 4 groups to allow for group discussions and preparation before the final competition. (Judy Haynes) The SIOP strategy invokes use of first language in the learning process of the second language. This bilingual approach puts the students at ease as they are materially prepared to grasp the second language more easily being acquainted with the lesson contents having understood them from their presentation in their own language. Since the study material are also biliteral, that is, scripted in the first and second languages, all the students have to do is grasp the text and grammar of the second language. The process of application is a workshop involving reading, writing, listening and speaking. The study material must adequately cover all of these. The tutor must allow time for students to learn on trial and error rote. The exercise must allow ample time for students to stir their mental aptitudes with language learning. (Bilingual/ESL Education Program, p7) Conclusion The SIOP strategy makes learning simple and user-friendly. Being connected to the mother tongue, its approach is that of a friendly neighbor. The tutor must adorn the role of the friendly neighbor. It goes without saying that the tutor must be thoroughly conversant with the first and second languages. The students' success totally depends on the tutor's approach with the curriculum and study material providing the vital links in the process. One learns the first language in an informal atmosphere of abandon and care. The process is much the same for the second language. Sources: Bilingual/ESL Education Program, Instructional Model, 15 November, 2005, Updated September 2007, Brownsville Independent School District, Texas, http://www.bisd.us/Bilingual_Education/INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL UPDATED SEPT 2007.pdf Judy Haynes, SIOP: Making Content Comprehensible for ELLs, everythingELS.net,

Latvian Education: Past and Present :: Essays Papers

Latvian Education: Past and Present I. Introduction Imagine a seven year old boy sitting in class. He is anxious for the day to begin and anticipates its end. Finally, his teacher starts to speak about what will be happening in class that day. The boy looks up in wonderment and confusion. His teacher is speaking in a completely different language than the boy is accustomed to. This little boy is growing up in Latvia, but the language he has grown up learning, in his home, is Russian. The boy, having always heard both languages while growing up, eventually pieced together what the teacher was saying; and later realizes he is going to have to adapt to a new language. This seems to be a common occurrence in Latvian schools. Because of Latvia’s history, back and forth, between Soviet and independent rule, a large population of Russians have migrated, or been moved to, Latvia. This has had a large impact on the way education works in Latvia. The Eastern Union (EU) has also, recently, started to make a difference in the way education works in Latvia. II. History a. Communist After reading through a brief history of Latvia, in the World Book, I found that Latvia was first recognized as an independent state in 1920, even though it had claimed independence just after World War I ended in November of 1918. Two years after their claim, Latvia developed a democratic government which broke up wealthy estates and separated the land among the people. After the Great Depression, in 1936, the president took more power and gave less to the political parties. Shortly after World War II started the Soviets had an agreement with Latvia to build Russian military bases in their country. The Russians eventually seized power and made Latvia part of the Soviet Union and then created a Communist government. Soon after that, in 1941, the German soldiers invaded Latvia and stayed there until 1944 when the Soviets recaptured it. While the Russians resided and ruled in Latvia they created a powerful Communist government which controlled all land and industry, was the only legal politician party, and banned the Latvian flag and national anthem. Latvian Education: Past and Present :: Essays Papers Latvian Education: Past and Present I. Introduction Imagine a seven year old boy sitting in class. He is anxious for the day to begin and anticipates its end. Finally, his teacher starts to speak about what will be happening in class that day. The boy looks up in wonderment and confusion. His teacher is speaking in a completely different language than the boy is accustomed to. This little boy is growing up in Latvia, but the language he has grown up learning, in his home, is Russian. The boy, having always heard both languages while growing up, eventually pieced together what the teacher was saying; and later realizes he is going to have to adapt to a new language. This seems to be a common occurrence in Latvian schools. Because of Latvia’s history, back and forth, between Soviet and independent rule, a large population of Russians have migrated, or been moved to, Latvia. This has had a large impact on the way education works in Latvia. The Eastern Union (EU) has also, recently, started to make a difference in the way education works in Latvia. II. History a. Communist After reading through a brief history of Latvia, in the World Book, I found that Latvia was first recognized as an independent state in 1920, even though it had claimed independence just after World War I ended in November of 1918. Two years after their claim, Latvia developed a democratic government which broke up wealthy estates and separated the land among the people. After the Great Depression, in 1936, the president took more power and gave less to the political parties. Shortly after World War II started the Soviets had an agreement with Latvia to build Russian military bases in their country. The Russians eventually seized power and made Latvia part of the Soviet Union and then created a Communist government. Soon after that, in 1941, the German soldiers invaded Latvia and stayed there until 1944 when the Soviets recaptured it. While the Russians resided and ruled in Latvia they created a powerful Communist government which controlled all land and industry, was the only legal politician party, and banned the Latvian flag and national anthem.

Comparative Effect of Demonstration and Guided Discovery Instructional Method Essay

Teachers are increasingly facing serious instructional challenges as the diversity of students within each class room continues to widen. Patterson(2002) noted that within each classroom student of a wide academic range with different labels such as gifted, fast learners, average learners, slow learners and the low learners all face their teacher daily with full hope that their need will be met. The conventional teaching method seems not to have adequately equipped instructions with contemporary view of students. Intelligence and their vast learning capacities (Campbell and Campbell,1999). These major challenges occur mostly in Technical Education. Uwaifo (2005) defined Technical Education as the acquisition of skills and techniques in choosing occupation or profession to enable an individual earn a living. Technical Education offers various courses or programmes which includes Woodwork, Plumbing, Building, Metalwork, Carpentry and Joinery, Auto mechanics, Metal fabrication, Drafting, and Electrical installation work. All this courses are offered in Technical Colleges but these study is going to be based on Electrical installation. Technical Colleges are regarded as the principal vocational institution in Nigeria. They impact full vocational training, with the intent to prepare students for entry into the various occupations (Okoro,1993). The products of these institutions are employed as operatives, artisans, and craftsmen in industries. Grant(1979), however maintained that Technical College Education is based on the fundamental of the industrial production, he averred that the main objectives of Technical College Education is to make students familiar with most important branches of production in an industry, commerce, imparting of skills and practical competencies in handling of tools, materials and generally equipping the students with both theoretical knowledge and work habits. Technical colleges provide students with vocational competencies needed in various disciplines of producing skilled personnel needed for provision of the maximum economic security (Atsumbe,2002). One of the areas where technical colleges equip young people is in the field of Electrical Installation. Electrical installation is the aggregate of all the process involved in wiring a house, maintaining and repair of electrical equipments, machines and appliances. The graduates of technical colleges should display sound practical skills in electrical installation. An electrical installation craftsman is required to know the procedures of installation as well as causes and control measures to minimize dangers inherent in electricity use, in addition, standardized regulations, safety rules, requirements and code of practice for a safe and efficient electrical system installation provided by the appropriate regulatory bodies. Therefore for electrical installation programme to adequately meet the societal expectations at this computer age, teaching needs to be improved; this improvement includes selection of appropriate and more effective teaching methodology. Teaching and learning is a process that includes many variables. The variables interact as learners work towards their goals and incorporate new knowledge, behaviours and skills that add to their range of learning experiences. A teaching method comprises the principles and methods used for instruction. Commonly used methods in technical education include Lecture method, Demonstration method, Project method, Guided discovery method e. t. c But this study will be narrowed to only Demonstration and Guided Discovery method. Demonstration method is commonly used to teach operations in technical education this method helps the teacher to explain the steps involved in a lesson or an operation while teaching them(Oranu,1994). Demonstration involves showing by reason or proof, explaining or making clear by use of examples or experiments to conceptualize students knowledge. Guided discovery is largely unstructured situational method of teaching whereby students are permitted to find solutions to problem on their own or at their own pace, often jointly in group activities under the guidance of the instructor. The student receives problems to solve, but the teacher provides hints and directions about how to solve the problem to keep the student on track (Mayer,2003). This study is carried out to ascertain the effectiveness of each teaching methodology on students practical skills in electrical installation in Technical Colleges.

Smoke and Mirrors Controversy over Electronic Cigarette...

John Doe is an 18-year-old resident, Colorado. He’s active in his community and volunteers through the local public library, he’s a genuinely nice guy, and he’s a smoker. A few months ago, John Doe decided that he wanted to minimize his health risks from smoking cigarettes, so he switched to a new alternative: an e-cigarette. Electronic cigarettes contain no tobacco, and vaporize a vegetable glycerol fluid that contains nicotine, mimicking the feeling of smoking a burn cigarette without the tar, dangerous gases, and unpleasant smell (Block). In most states, smokers can â€Å"vape† in public places with their e-cigarettes, receiving the nicotine of a burn cigarette without complaint from others. Heavy smokers find that they can use e-cigarettes to gradually decrease nicotine and many use it as a gateway to quit smoking. Yet in the absence of regulation, sale of e-cigarettes to minors is only prohibited in twelve states (Lopes), and this is a definite problem. Adolescents may see vaping as a cool new thing to do and become addicted to nicotine. The lack of regulation in the e-cigarette industry especially contributes to this, as companies create appealing advertisements displaying a variety of new flavors. Furthermore, without Food and Drug Administration (FDA) screening, e-cigarette ingredients are unregulated and this could lead to unsafe or downright harmful products. 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